关于“challenge”的语法,可综合其作为名词和动词的用法进行说明:
一、作名词时
基本含义 - 挑战、邀请比赛(如:He poses a challenge to me.)
- 具有挑战性的事物(如:This project is a real challenge.)
- 哨兵的止步命令(如:The guard challenged the passerby.)
常见搭配
- face a challenge: 面临挑战(如:She faced a challenge in public speaking.) - present a challenge
- accept/take up a challenge:接受挑战(如:He took up the challenge with enthusiasm.)
二、作动词时
基本含义 - 向某人挑战(如:He challenged Tom to a match.)
- 质疑/盘问(如:The lawyer challenged the witness's credibility.)
- 要求/需要(如:The task challenges us all.)
用法特点
- 常与介词 to连用(如:He challenges his opponents every year.)
- 可接动词不定式作宾语(如:She challenged him to solve the problem.)
- 被动结构:The problem was challenged by the team.(问题被团队挑战)
三、其他用法
法律领域: 可表示对法律文件或行为的质疑(如:He challenged the court's decision.) 固定表达
建议结合具体语境选择合适用法,注意区分挑战的动作执行者与承受者。